Owing to the relative novelty of these techniques however, the vast majority of these associations are purely correlative. Using these methodologies, associations have been made between a broad range of diseases and conditions and the human fecal microbiota (FM). Research on the role of the microbiota in host health and disease has emerged as a rapidly expanding area of discovery, largely due to the development of culture-independent molecular techniques such as next-generation sequencing (NGS). The commensal gut microbiota comprises hundreds of distinct microbial species which outnumber host somatic cells by an order of magnitude. These data provide the first in-depth analysis of the developmental trajectory of the fecal microbiota in mice from different vendors, and a starting point from which researchers may be able to refine animal models affected by differences in the gut microbiota and thus possibly reduce the number of animals required to perform studies with sufficient statistical power.
Such differences were evident in the fecal microbiota of weanling mice and persisted throughout the study, to twenty-four weeks of age. Moreover, the abundance of many operational taxonomic units, often identified to the species level, as well as several higher taxa, differed in vendor- and strain-dependent manners. Using culture-independent methods and robust statistical analysis, we demonstrate significant differences in the richness and diversity of fecal microbial populations in mice purchased from two large commercial vendors. While differing model phenotypes have been reported using mice purchased from different vendors, the composition and uniformity of the fecal microbiota in mice of various genetic backgrounds from different vendors is unclear. There is mounting evidence that the gut microbiota of laboratory mice ( Mus musculus) similarly modulates the phenotype of mouse models used to study human disease and development. The commensal gut microbiota has been implicated as a determinant in several human diseases and conditions.
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